Table of contentsTutorial on Knowledge Markup and Resource Semantics Overview and Tutorial Mindmap Web Languages for Knowledge Capturing Web Languages for Machine Interpretation The Semantic Web Activity of the W3C The Semantic Web Layered Architecture The Semantic Web Layered Architecture: Where are the Semantic Web Semantics? Partial Orders Financial Math Excerpt from Mathematics International Ontology as RDF Schema Metadata (Resource) Semantics Knowledge Markup & Resource Semantics: XML Documents with RDF Annotations Extensible Markup Language General Advantages of XML for KR Specific Advantages of XML for KR Address Example: External to HTML Address Example: HTML to XML Address Example: XML to External Address Example: XML to XML Address Example: Some Stylesheets Will Contain Term-(Tree-)Rewriting Rules Address Example: XML Queries Address Example: Prolog Queries Address Example: The Element Tree Address Example: Document Type Definition and Tree (1) Address Example: Document Type Definition and Tree (2) Well-Formedness and Validity Mail-Box Example: Address Variant "|"-Disjoined Street/Mail-Box Example: Document Type Definition and Tree Phone & Fax Example: Address Variant "+"/"*"-Repetitive-Phone & -Fax Example: Document Type Definition and Tree Country Example: Address Variant "?"-Optional-Country Example: Document Type Definition and Tree Country Address: A Complete XML Document Referring to an External DTD Horn Logic Markup Languages Herbrand Terms: Individual Constants, Variables, Flat Ground Structures, ... Herbrand Terms: ..., Nested Ground Structures Interim Discussion: Tag and Type Horn Clauses: Relation Symbol Applications Horn Clauses: Facts Horn Clauses: Rules Attributes for Extended Logics ID and IDREF ID and IDREF DTDs: Elements as Derivation Trees DTDs: Defining Horn Logic in XML DTDs: Generation of the Example Rule (1) DTDs: Generation of the Example Rule (2) Attribute DTDs (1) Attribute DTDs (2) Horn Queries in XML Notation Horn Queries in XML-QL Implementation Horn Inferences in XML Notation (1) Horn Inferences in XML Notation (2) Horn Inferences in XML Notation (2) Horn Inferences in XML Notation (2) Horn Inferences in XML Notation (2) Horn Inferences: SLD-Resolution, XML-QL Implementation, Open World Model-Theoretic Semantics Collocation Inference: Model-Theoretic Semantics via Consequence Generation The Rule Markup Language Agenda Introduction and Background The RuleML Initiative as a Web Ontology Effort Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML (Cont’d) Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML (Cont’d) RuleML DTDs: release 0.8 Negation Handling in RuleML Negation Handling in RuleML (Cont’d) Negation Handling in RuleML (Cont’d) Priorities/Evidences in RuleML Priorities/Evidences in RuleML (Cont’d) Priorities/Evidences in RuleML (Cont’d) RuleML Implementations via XSLT & Rule Engines A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance PPT-Folie A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance (Cont’d) A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance (Cont’d) A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance (Cont’d) A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance (Cont’d) RuleML Conclusions Simple HTML/XML Ontology Extensions SHOE Basics Instances (Individuals) as URLs/URIs A SHOE Rule XML Namespaces XML Namespaces and Programming-Language Modules Namespace Bindings Namespaceless Example: Address Variant Two-Namespace Example: Snail-Mail and Telecoms Address Parts Acquiring and Processing Knowledge Markups Acquiring and Processing Knowledge Markups Acquiring XML Knowledge Bases Protégé-2000 as an XML Editor Knowledge-Base Development with Protégé-2000 Protégé as an OKBC-Compliant System (Open Knowledge Base Connectivity) XML Import Strategy Example (Import): Book Order XML Export Strategy Example (Export): Newspaper Instances Example: Newspaper Ontology As XML Tree Processing XML Cascading Style Sheets XSLT (XSL Transformations) XML to HTML: XSLT Example – Input XML to HTML: XSLT Example – Stylesheet XML to HTML: XSLT Example – Output Transformational (Operational) Semantics XML to XML: Transformational Semantics via an XSLT Stylesheet XML to XML: XSLT Stylesheet with a Tree-Transforming Template 1 XML to XML: XSLT Stylesheet with a Tree-Transforming Template 2 XQL and XPath XQL Expressions 1 XQL Expressions 2 XQL Expressions 3 XML-QL XML-QL Example 1 XML-QL Example 2 XQuery XQuery: Examples 1 XQuery: Examples 2 XQuery: Examples 3 XML-Based Agent Techniques XML-based Agent Techniques Ontobroker Application Ontobroker/On2broker (AIFB/University of Karlsruhe) Example Ontology Annotated HTML Pages Ontobroker Query Tool Resource Description Framework PPT-Folie Outline Why The Shift Towards More Semantics? Extensible Markup Language (XML) Revisited Why XML is Not Enough Encoding of Knowledge: Example Point to Point Communication for Machine-Understandable Data Many Previously Unknown Communication Partners New Partners Don’t Understand Each Other Merging Steps Between Models Merging/Aligning Models Postulates: Fundamental Requirements for KR on the Web Introduction to RDF RDF Data Model A Simple Example Another Example Collection Containers Example: Bag Example: Alternative Statements About Statements (Requirement 2: Dispute Statements) Example: Reification A Formal Model of RDF Formal Model of RDF II RDF Syntax I Resulting Graph RDF Syntax II: Syntactic Varieties RDF Schema (RDFS) Most Important Modeling Primitives RDF-Schema: Example Example: RDF-Schema in RDF-Schema Extensibility of RDF Protégé-2000 as RDF[S]-Editor Ontology Languages on Top of RDF: The Principle The Semantic Web DARPA Agent Markup Language Program DAML+OIL Example: Intersection & Synonyms Example: Disjoint & Complement Example: Properties (Transitive, Inverse, subProperty, UniqueProperty, range, Datatypes) Using User-defined Datatypes (based on XML Schema) Instances (Individuals) Protégé as OIL-Editor Protégé as OIL-Editor: Screenshot DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML): An Information Foodchain Based on RDF Tools RDF-Resources Open Issues of RDF TRIPLE TRIPLE: Motivation What’s wrong with existing approaches? Graph Separated in Models New System: Triple Object Expressions + Models Reification Example: RDF-Schema Mapping to Horn Logic RDF-Syntax for Triple Implementation Summary TopicMaps Topic Navigation Maps in a Nutshell I Topic Navigation Maps in a Nutshell II Example of a Browsing Interface Demonstration: The Comedy of Errors The Comedy of Errors: Select Topic Browse to External Reference Browse to Other Persons PPT-Folie Acknowledgements Some Forthcoming KMRS Events References References References References |
Author: Harold Boley, Stefan Decker, and Michael Sintek
E-Mail: {sintek,boley}@dfki.uni-kl.de, stefan@db.stanford.edu |